2010 Currency Outlook: USD
After strong rallies in 2008 and early 2009, USD peaked in March. In order to combat the worst recession since the World War II, the Fed reduced the policy rate to an unprecedentedly low level and implemented a series of quantitative easing policies. The 'twin deficits' problem (current account and fiscal deficits) has put USD's status as the reserve currency at risks and triggered investors to dump the currency. Worries about the dollar's future as well as increase in risk appetite as global economic outlook recovered later in 2009 brought the greenback to extremely low levels.
Undervaluation: According Fed's measure, the trade-weighted USD index plummeted -13% against major currencies after making 2.5-year high in March. On annual basis, the gauge dropped -8%, the biggest loss since 2003. Despite modest recovery in December 2009, the dollar index continued hovering at historic lows.
ICE's US dollar index also showed a similar pattern. The valuation is about 1.5 standard deviations below its long-term average. From the viewpoint of mean-reversion, the dollar is poised for a strong rebound.
On a PPP basis, the dollar also looked undervalued when compared with major currencies. The table below shows the PPP values of 8 currencies which were used by Fed in composing the USD Major Currencies Index. Using closing price as of December 2009, USD is undervalued when compared with all 'major currencies'.
However, being cheap is not sufficient to make USD higher. The US needs to show promising economic growth to attract buying.[Written by actionforex]
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